528 research outputs found

    Multi-level agent-based modeling with the Influence Reaction principle

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    This paper deals with the specification and the implementation of multi-level agent-based models, using a formal model, IRM4MLS (an Influence Reaction Model for Multi-Level Simulation), based on the Influence Reaction principle. Proposed examples illustrate forms of top-down control in (multi-level) multi-agent based-simulations

    Curating Photography in Australia

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    One-dimensional parametric determining form for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations

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    The evolution of a determining form for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations (NSE), which is an ODE on a space of trajectories is completely described. It is proved that at every stage of its evolution, the solution is a convex combination of the initial trajectory and the fixed steady state, with a dynamical convexity parameter Ξ\theta, which will be called the characteristic determining parameter. That is, we show a remarkable separation of variables formula for the solution of the determining form. Moreover, for a given initial trajectory, the dynamics of the infinite-dimensional determining form are equivalent to those of the characteristic determining parameter Ξ\theta which is governed by a one-dimensional ODE. %for the parameter specifying the position on the line segment. This one-dimensional ODE is used to show that if the solution to the determining form converges to the fixed state it does so no faster than O(τ−1/2)\mathcal{O}(\tau^{-1/2}), otherwise it converges to a projection of some other trajectory in the global attractor of the NSE, but no faster than O(τ−1)\mathcal{O}(\tau^{-1}), as τ→∞\tau \to \infty, where τ\tau is the evolutionary variable in determining form. The one-dimensional ODE also exploited in computations which suggest that the one-sided convergence rate estimates are in fact achieved. The ODE is then modified to accelerate the convergence to an exponential rate. Remarkably, it is shown that the zeros of the scalar function that governs the dynamics of Ξ\theta, which are called characteristic determining values, identify in a unique fashion the trajectories in the global attractor of the 2D NSE. Furthermore, the one-dimensional characteristic determining form enables us to find unanticipated geometric features of the global attractor, a subject of future research

    Trade-off between somatic and germline repair in a vertebrate supports the "expensive germ line" hypothesis

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    The disposable soma theory is a central tenet of the biology of aging where germline immortality comes at the cost of an aging soma [T. B. L. Kirkwood, Nature 270, 301–304 (1977); T. B. L. Kirkwood, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205, 531–546 (1979); T. B. L. Kirkwood, S. N. Austad, Nature 408, 233–238 (2000)]. Limited resources and a possible trade-off between the repair and maintenance of the germ cells and growth and maintenance of the soma may explain the deterioration of the soma over time. Here we show that germline removal allows accelerated somatic healing under stress. We tested “the expensive germ line” hypothesis by generating germline-free zebrafish Danio rerio and testing the effect of the presence and absence of the germ line on somatic repair under benign and stressful conditions. We exposed male fish to sublethal low-dose ionizing radiation, a genotoxic stress affecting the soma and the germ line, and tested how fast the soma recovered following partial fin ablation. We found that somatic recovery from ablation occurred substantially faster in irradiated germline-free fish than in the control germline-carrying fish where somatic recovery was stunned. The germ line did show signs of postirradiation recovery in germline-carrying fish in several traits related to offspring number and fitness. These results support the theoretical conjecture that germline maintenance is costly and directly trades off with somatic maintenance

    ModĂ©lisation de la tempĂ©rature d’un corps par automates cellulaires

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    International audienceDans cet article, nous traitons d'une alternative aux mĂ©thodes analytiques classiques dans le cadre de la modĂ©lisation de systĂšmes complexes. Devant le caractĂšre imprĂ©visible de ces systĂšmes (oĂč le nombre de composants et l'intensitĂ© des interactions sont importants), les mĂ©thodes analytiques semblent mal adaptĂ©es et des modĂšles dynamiques discrets, comme les automates cellulaires, peuvent permettre de faireĂ©merger des comportements globaux complexes en dĂ©terminant simplement le comportement local et les interactions d'entitĂ©s primitives. Nous illustrons notre propos en nous intĂ©ressantĂ  un problĂšme issu de la mĂ©decine lĂ©gale : la modĂ©lisation du comportement thermique d'un cadavre. Aucun des modĂšles de tempĂ©rature actuels, empiriques ou basĂ©s sur les lois physiques de transfert de chaleur, ne prend en compte des simulations sous tempĂ©ratures variables. Nous proposons une solution qui remĂ©dieĂ  ce problĂšme. Nous en dĂ©taillons les spĂ©cifications, implĂ©mentations et rĂ©sultats. Nous terminons sur l'utilisation de nos travaux, intĂ©grĂ©s au sein d'un systĂšme multi-agents, et les perspectives de travail

    Stratégies d'observation dans les simulations orientées agent

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    Extended version of Stratégies d'observation de simulations orientées agent, Actes des 17Úmes Journées Francophones sur les SystÚmes Multi-Agents (JFSMA'09), pp. 233-236National audienceL'observation de simulations orientées agent composées de nombreux agents est une tùche coûteuse en temps de calcul. Dans cet article, nous proposons deux méthodes, trÚs simples à mettre en oeuvre, basées sur la théorie des sondages et la notion d'auto-observation, permettant d'optimiser le calcul d'observables. Ces méthodes sont évaluées et comparées empiriquement sur un problÚme jouet

    Thermoregulation in P. Terraenovae aggregations, an agent-based approach

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    International audienceThis paper deals with an important issue of forensic entomology: the estimation of the temperature in a "maggot mass". An agent-based model of the thermoregulation behaviour of fly (Protophormia terraenovae) larvae is described. Simulation results show that the model reproduces an important observed pattern and thus, might be used in entomological expertises

    Super-twisting sliding mode controller for freeway ramp metering

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    Colloque avec actes et comitĂ© de lecture. internationale.International audienceIn this paper we propose a new feedback controller for freeway ramp metering. It is based on a second order sliding mode technique called super twisting sliding mode controller (STSMC). It is a simple and robust controller. It is less sensitive to parameter values and the model uncertainty with less problem of chattering phenomenon compared to the ïŹrst order sliding mode controller. And then, this new controller is compared with a well known feedback controller for freeway ramp metering called ALINEA. The simulations show a good result of the new controller for freeway ramp metering. Moreover, compared to ALINEA, the STSMC can cope better the system in term of robustness and uncertainty

    GESTION TEMPS REEL D’UN RESEAU D’ASSAINISSEMENT BASEE SUR LA SIMULATION D'UN MODELE CONTINU

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    Colloque avec actes et comitĂ© de lecture. internationale.International audience"Les outils actuels de gestion en temps rĂ©el des rĂ©seaux s’appuient sur deux outils logiciels : les logiciels de prĂ©vision mĂ©tĂ©orologique et les logiciels de simulation hydraulique. L’usage des premiers est une cause importante d’imprĂ©cision et d’incertitude, l’usage des seconds oblige Ă  des pas temporels de dĂ©cision importants du fait de leur besoin en temps de calcul. Cette façon de procĂ©der fait que les rĂ©sultats obtenus sont gĂ©nĂ©ralement Ă©loignĂ©s de ceux attendus.L’idĂ©e force du projet CARDIO est de changer de paradigme de base en abordant la problĂ©matique par la face « automatique » plutĂŽt que par celle « hydrologie ». L’objectif est de rendre possible la rĂ©alisation d’un grand nombre de simulations en des temps trĂšs courts (quelques secondes) permettant de se passer des prĂ©visions mĂ©tĂ©orologiques en utilisant directement les donnĂ©es pluviomĂ©triques recueillies en temps rĂ©el. L’objectif est de parvenir Ă  un systĂšme oĂč la prise de dĂ©cision est rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă  partir de donnĂ©es fiables et oĂč la correction de l’erreur est permanente.Les premiers rĂ©sultats obtenus Ă  partir d'une simulation d'un exemple test montrent l'efficacitĂ© de l’approche dĂ©veloppĂ©e.
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